cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria

Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections The practice of epidemiology. Gender-based violence is a key factor . A deeper understanding of the communitys ill-health beliefs is needed to inform the design and implementation of primary health-care services. Kickbush I. 2022 Dec;9(6):2560-2567. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01190-6. Dr. Bhoj R singh, Principal Scientist (VM) The culture of the Tehuledere region reflects a mix of pre-Christian indigenous beliefs, as well as Christian, Muslim and migrant Cushitic Oromo (largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia) influences. 2022 Jul 4. Almost all the focus group participants emphasized the importance of God/Allah in their day-to-day lives without whom they said it is impossible to secure health. The idea that the wadaja could ward off illnesses and restore health seems to have been the major reason for the persistence and popularity of the ritual. Not listening to them means we are exacerbating the disease we have [Female, Study Community # 2]. 13. In contrast a stable home and family was seen as an important contributor to health. New York: The Free Press; 1994. Ali A. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Qallicha: A person known, among traditional Muslim Ethiopians, to have special spiritual power and knowledge; he is believed to be capable of forecasting the future as well as revealing hidden facts, causing illnesses and resolving individuals problems. This ethnographic exploration with the study communities in Tehuledere revealed that perceived causes of ill-health can be grouped into three main categories: supernatural, natural, and social elements. Study participants were adults over 30years of age identified by health extension workers in the area to be knowledgeable about local health traditions who were willing to participate in a conversation about their health. (3) ecosocial theory and related multi-level frameworks. The remaining 3% of the population live in the malaria free highlands. This paper therefore is aimed at examining the causes and consequences of rapid erosion of cultural values in nigeria. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 1980. The sample was diverse in terms of age and sex and agro-ecological condition of the setting. [Female, Study Community # 3]. Triangulation of different data collection techniques including focus group, semi-structured interview data, observations and informal interviews with study participants was a strength of the study. Similar to Murdock, we have categorized these as natural causes of ill-health. Fracastoro's contagion theory of disease (1546) Germ theory: Louis Pasteur , Lister and others introduced the germ theory in 1878. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Nigeria is now the second largest HIV disease burden in the world after South Africa which has 7.1 million (19% of global epidemic) burden of the disease, though prevalence is stable at 3.4% [38,39]. First Statement of Germ Theory. Anderson R. The efficacy of ethnomedicine: research methods in trouble. Culturally-based attitudes about seeking treatment and trusting traditional medicines and folk remedies are rooted in core belief systems about illness causation, i.e., naturalistic, Ayurvedic, biomedical, etc. This study was carried out in ado-odo/ota lga, with a sample size of 203. Spirit Mediumship and society in Africa. A guy will be healthy person [if] he keep agrees with his neighbors and doesnt argue, one that doesnt hold grudges, one that lives with others in peace. Accessibility Approval of the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences (#037/13/PSP). The sample consisted of 21 participants, 11 females aged 19-61 years (Median 44 years) and 10 males aged 22-65 years (Median 52 years). The emphasis on culture in our genetic counseling training recognizes its crucial role in molding an individual's conceptualization of health, as well as other life aspects, especially since the Filipino culture is a mixture of indigenous as well as imported and borrowed elements. Qualitative content analysis was used. In: StatPearls [Internet]. The key themes that emerged from the focus groups and participatory observation were explored and refined in the interviews, but no new themes emerged from the interviews. 1991;630:212-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb19590.x. However the outcomes from this study may not be representative of the encounters of perception of illness causation of other ethnic backgrounds. Functionalists also study culture in terms of values. 2022 Apr;10(4):893-900. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.010. Five rural communities (one from each of the five Kebeles) were included in the study. Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago. This study was funded by Addis Ababa University. Mexican cultural beliefs and breastfeeding: a model for assessment and intervention. 2015 Apr;24(2):213-24. doi: 10.1007/s10897-015-9823-y. He carefully reflected on how the data collection process influenced his own perceptions, and how other people respond to him. A Historical Survey of Social and Economic Condition in Wallo 1872-1917, 8th International conference of Ethiopian Studies, A.A. 1984; p. 1. In: Nichter M, editor. To conceptualize the beliefs about ill-health causation within the study communities, we began with the Murdocks ill-health theoretical model [10]. Let alone drinking, even when we bath and wash our clothes we are under the suspicion that it will give us skin disease. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Why Covid lab-leak theory is so disputed. Article The participants in the study communities believe that if they honour the spirits, they will be rewarded by good health and that if the spirits are forgotten or ignored, the protection they provide may be withdrawn which will lead to illness or death. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. It held that diseases such ascholera,chlamydia infection, or theBlack Deathwere caused by amiasma, a noxious form of bad air emanating from rotting organic matter. Unit 10: Causation z ti f Ci t i lCriteria for causality Association vs. Causation zDifferent models zDifferent Philosophies zHills' Criteria D A S hDr. Braine T. Health systems research is the best medicine. Careers. Cultural norms function to support the fluid operation of society, and cultural values guide people in making choices. First, germ theory separated the disease from the person suffering from the disease. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. We found that the absence of trust, troubles brought on by the actions and experiences of family members and violation of some social taboos were described as important determinants of ill-health within the study population. Some believe that the soul goes out from the body and wanders, a phenomenon known as Bangungot, or that having nightmares after a heavy meal may result in death. Made with by Sagar Aryal. Pasteur, Henle, Koch were the strong proponents of microbial theory after they discovered the micro-organisms in the patients secretions or excretions. Personalistic Causes Published 1 October 1921. The first is the monocausal view and emerges from the "conquest" of the infectious diseases. FOIA We gather as a community (in a mosque) and discuss how we make such people stop going out at those times. Qualitative inquiry and research design. Being an archipelago consisting of 7,107 islands, the Philippines has approximately 175 ethnolinguistic groups with their own unique cultural identity and health practices. Erickson fills this gap by clearly explaining the basic organizing principles that underlie all medical systems, the full range of theories of disease causation, the geographical distribution of medical practices, and the historical trends that led to biomedical dominance. The study participants also associate illness with unfavourable conditions of the environment (e.g., poor sanitation), infection, poverty and lack of food, as well as biological (e.g., aging, genetics) and psychological causes such as stress and worry. Springer Nature. Belief in God or Allah was extremely prevalent in the study communities. Epub 2022 Jan 25. American journal of public health. I have seen people become amputees and paralyzed [Male, Study Community # 1]. Peterson DR. PubMed The other criterion was the interest shown by the health extension workers to collaborate in the study. 1). The majority of participants in the study stated that the human body may malfunction due to old age or due to injuries sustained from accidents. Footnote 2 witches are believed to cast spells on people causing them to experience ill health: The sheikhs and qallichas apply magical knowledge to affect cure or induce illness Muslim sheikhs consult medical texts, produce magically charged protective amulets (Kitab) and talismans (talsam) of various kinds believed to endow the bearer with some beneficial effect [Male, Study Community # 4]. Their growth and reproduction within their hosts can cause disease. %%EOF Data obtained from our study indicated that the role of social prohibitions and the consequences of their violation were a key factor causing health problems in Tehuledere. In my village, we revere big trees, mountains, caves, springs and even unusually shaped stones. Parks textbook of preventive and social medicine. He was also faced with the challenge of being perceived as a powerful individual due to his position as a member of the elite and a senior university lecturer. The miasma theory was the predominant theory of disease transmission before the germ theory took hold towards the end of the 19th century, and it is no longer accepted as a scientific theory of disease. It is hoped that the model of illness causation identified in this study will help to enhance the rural health plan for the 5 villages of Tehuledere Woreda and beyond. What are the cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria Theories of disease causation..ppt 1. The absence of peace and happiness that comes from families fighting, and from them being not supportive of one another were all aspects that were viewed by the women participants as being key contributors to illnesses. It states thatmicroorganismsknown aspathogensor germs can lead to disease. Supernatural explanations also dominated the discourse of ill-health causation in our study. Diagnosing diseases in African traditional religion. New York: Africana Publishing Corporation; 1969. p. XXXXI. It would seem that any apprehensiveness is likely to have been eased, by the generally friendly and mutually respectful rapport most people have with their respective health extension workers. 2015;29(2):12736. According to this theory, it is important to distinguish between beliefs about the natural and supernatural causes of illness and disease. Disclaimer. Following introductory discussions with community leaders/representatives, ten focus group discussion sessions (one all male and one all-female in each kebele) were conducted. In addition to supernatural and natural elements, the data presented here suggest that social causes of illnesses need to be added to fully explain the perceptions of the study participants. This article's focus on disease causation derives from the emphasis on the political, economic, and cultural context of illness that characterizes Africanist scholarship in this field. Full Text: PDF. Germs cause disease. The womens focus group discussion was meant to allow women to freely and informally discuss their perceptions of illness causation, without any socio-cultural inhibitions, (for example religious prohibitions) which might have inhibited the women from speaking on specific topics if men had been included in the group. ; p. 1 & # x27 ; s elections the practice of epidemiology a stable home and family seen. With their own unique cultural identity and health practices the outcomes from this study carried! Are exacerbating the disease from the disease from the & quot ; &. Bath and wash our clothes we are under the suspicion that it give. 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Not be representative of the communitys ill-health beliefs is needed to inform the design and implementation of health-care. To load your collection due to an error own perceptions, and how other respond!

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