zaretta hammond's three levels of culture
Zaretta Hammond recommends improving our understanding of how culture can affect processes in the brain. Its important to note that both strategies address the specific needs of students, remove barriers to learning, and promote academic success. The idea that is more than just learning about foods and tradition is an important concept. She has a passion for books and teaching reading. We value Zaretta Hammond's combination of a clear explanation of brain-based learning from a cultural perspective and a clear description of how it looks in action. Hope this helps! What beliefs did you learn from your teachers? This is one of the more challenging parts of culturally responsive teaching. They then respond positively by noticing, naming, and affirming when students use them in the service of learning. Can you update the link? Again, while this kind of teaching is necessary and important, its not the same as culturally responsive teaching, which focuses on learning capacity. Many popular instructional techniques like. She blogs at www.ready4rigor.com and offers a 2-day workshop based on her book. Actually, it's not a matter of convergence. When I read it, I realized that true culturally responsive teaching isnt as simple as I thought it was; its much more holistic. That's precisely what the science of learning tells us makes the brain grow and allows us to carry a greater cognitive load. I am searching for ideas to make my lessons more culturally responsive and I am coming to dead ends. Sometimes we see particular behavior as disrespectful when it is, in fact, a part of the person's culture. It takes time to master but teachers can put core practices into place now. However, Latino, African, Pacific Islander, and Native Americans have a more communal view. LaShawn Rout Chatmon, Executive Director, "All students can and will learn at high levels when provided the type of instruction described in this book. Im kicking off this summer series with an interview with Zaretta Hammond, author of Culturally Responsive Teaching & The Brain. I felt like I was in trouble. I know I am late to the discussion. She teaches as a lecturer at St. Mary's College's Kalmanovitz School of in Moraga, California. Figure 1.2: Ready for Rigor Framework Figure 2.1: Culture Tree. Design a site like this with WordPress.com, Culturally Relevant Pedagogy by Ladson-Billings, Suggested Links for the Teacher Resources of Whanaungatanga Whanaungatanga. The opinions expressed in Classroom Q&A With Larry Ferlazzo are strictly those of the author(s) and do not reflect the opinions or endorsement of Editorial Projects in Education, or any of its publications. By this one act, we know that down the road these children will fall behind with no overt racist action taken. Hattie (2012), I agree with Hammond in that by building trusting relationships with learners and their families will enable us to challenge them in their learning. They are constantly told that they need to model themselves after after their neurotypical peers, which is self-negating and harmful. Another mistake we make, again especially with struggling students, is over-scaffolding instruction. A big myth is that its about motivating students of color by mentioning cultural facts or naming famous people of color. Every word problem does not have to be about how many rows of carrots did a farmer plant. And as educators, we're going to need them to carry more of that load if we find ourselves in another situation that calls for distance learning. There are three parts or levels of the tree. I hope this helps! Zaretta Hammond, in her work on culturally responsive teaching, has created a visual called the Culture Tree as a way for us to understand culture. The book includes: Information on how one's culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships To read more of her work, visit her blog, Ready for Rigor, or follow her on Twitter at @Ready4Rigor. If you have children, how have your values and beliefs changed? As teachers of culturally diverse students, we need to educate ourselves about the realities of structural racialization in society and recognizing how colorblindness is just another a form of implicit bias. Too often we miss them. It really means a lot to me to know that this filled some important gaps for you. What Would Motivate Teens to Work Harder in School? I love the link between CRT and neuroscience. Describe where you grew up and the school you attended. And Im not talking about patterns of stereotypes. Thank you also for helping educators understand that we play an important role in dismantling the systemic inequities that exist which affect schools capacity to address the needs of diverse students and their ability to build intellectual competence. Again, while this kind of teaching is necessary and important, its not the same as culturally responsive teaching, which focuses on learning capacity. Hi Prasad! Black and Afro-Latinx Excellence. This was a passion project for us because we both came through the foster care system. This is so great to hear, Gerri! One of the biggest challenges in closing the achievement gap is that because of implicit bias and not preparing students for rigor work, they lose confidence in themselves as learners. The way that students interpret the community is important. On September 30, 2022, I was scheduled to present at the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics annual conference in Los Angeles, California. You can learn more about Zarettas work at Culturally Responsive Teaching & the Brain. Select this link if you are using screen reading or another assistive technology before continuing to enable accessible content on this page. Hammond divides culture into three levels: Surface culture is observable and concrete elements of culture such as food, dress, music, and holidays. But remember, culturally responsive practices is about more than relationships. While they have been defined as the visible part of an iceberg, they are hard to decipher. Zaretta Hammond reminds us that everyone, regardless of race or ethnicity, has a culture that serves as the "software to our brain's hardware" (Hammond, 2015, p. 22). We are so glad that you found value in this post! For me, equity is about making sure every student is a powerful learnerthat's the equity goal we should be shooting for. I am a former classroom teacher, 20 years ago, and now a non-formal educator at an outdoor/forest setting. We have touched a little bit on CRT in some of my classes, but this has been the most informative so far! In this book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive instruction. The process begins when instructors recognize the cultural capital and tools students of color bring to the classroom. Ministry of Education. (LogOut/ Deep culture is the tacit knowledge and unconscious assumptions govern worldview. Schools say they are doing different types of inquiry-based or project-based learning, but too often it's just a series of one-off activities for struggling students to do something "fun," but not cognitively interesting. The primary goal is to make learning sticky for students. Discover ASCD's Professional Learning Services. ou can download. CRTxACC members are encouraged to share resources, experiences, and questions to deepen their understanding of culturally responsive teaching. Rather than just speaking about what it is NOT. Education Sciences 6 (35); doi: 10,3390/educsci6040035, Gay, G. (2010). One recommendation is to bring in the tech tools that some kids were using in remote learning. She blogs at. This work calls us to action by mandating that we move beyond looking for student outcomes that rely heavily on the regurgitation of memorized facts to applying the information learned to new situations.". Ms. Zaretta Hammond, I learned so much from listening to this interview. Shallow culture is made up of the unspoken rules around everyday social interactions and norms (courtesy, attitudes toward elders, nature or friendship, concepts of time, personal space, nonverbal communication, rules about eye contact or appropriate touching). At its core, it is merely good teaching, i.e. For example, when diverse students come from oral traditions, the most common cultural tools for processing information utilize the brains memory systems music, repetition, metaphor, recitation, physical manipulation of content, and story. Thank you for your reply. We need to give them some ownership of their learning and ways of tracking their own progress. This was a great podcast informative, important and timely. I feel like strategies may be our best option given our situation, but Id like to be able to take it deeper than that. Try to hit methods of teaching that meet all those needs at some point so that ALL students have a method to learn thats best for them. Although the groups can overlap, they are not interchangeable; each one approaches diversity from a completely different angle. The protocol is simple. Including cosmology, guiding ethics, spirituality, health, and theories of group harmony. I truly appreciate you for all the work you do. Couple this with what neuroscience tells us: the brain operates on the progress principle. It craves information on its progress toward a learning target so that it can change its learning moves if necessary. The goal is to get students to turn inert information intousable knowledge. The Dreamkeepers: Successful Teachers of African AmericanChildren. We must take action addressing the culture gap in order to address the achievement gap. by Zaretta Hammond. I would highly recommend Zarettas book, as it goes much more in depth than we did in this interview. Thanks for the heads up! We cant assume every student of Asian descent is going to be great in math. Remember, culture is how we make sense of the world. In the current study, Bacillus atrophaeus FA12 and B. cabrialesii FA26 were isolated from the rice . Include a map of the country or countries your relatives come from. Changes do not create great anxiety. As a result of listening to this podcast, I have a greater understanding of what it means to be a culturally responsive teacher, and I am eager to use what I have learned to make a difference in my future classroom. How you see your health and its impact on others in the world. For students who have been marginalized and dont feel welcome, Hammond explains, that relationship becomes important, because you want them to actually do the heavy lifting of the cognitive work, (and) thats not going to happen if you cant get the student to be in a trusting relationship. That is not relatable to a large population of students. The culture of a group of people is its shared attitudes, values, social forms, customary beliefs, and material traits. is observable and concrete elements of culture such as food, dress, music, and holidays. Think of it this way. In my experience, most teachers would read this and say I dont have time to learn everyones background and culture. Did you know that in America, the dominant culture is individualistic? Or when, the teacher uses students natural cultural learning tools like talk and word play to help them process new content. This plug and play misconception can lead teachers to do things like adding call-and-response to their classroom routine, then assuming they have done enough to reach diverse students. Instead, we squander the first 5 to 10 minutes of class with learning target review and a tepid "do-now.". That's not what culturally responsive teaching is. She currently designing a literacy program to accelerate low reading skills among high school students. They might mask that fear by claiming they are colorblind. How would you recommend that we can initiate a conversation about the topics discussed in your book without prompting defensiveness or evasion? To move the needle forward a bit more, I invited Zaretta Hammond to share some common misconceptions teachers have about culturally responsive teaching. (I still see teachers making the same demand.) Ms. Hammond thanks for doing such a great job defining culturally responsive teaching. I am grateful to Jennifer Gonzalez, for setting up this interview. The book includes: Information on how one's culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships The remedy is to help teachers expand their ability to recognize different ways of making meaning and engaging socially. New York, NY: Teachers College Press. John Hattie says it is as close as we can come to a silver bullet. Whereas when you understand inequity by design, you can actually talk about instruction but also come back to talk about microaggressions. Recently, I had a principal ask me what strategies would help 7th grade middle school students reading at a third grade level tackle grade level text. Too often teachers see culturally diverse students behaviors as problematic (even if a White student engages in the same behavior without any consequences). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, Tags: culturally responsive teaching, define levels of culture, diversity, explore culture, facebook, higher education, inclusion, pedagogy, teaching. There is a focus on leveraging the affective and the cognitive scaffolding that students bring with them. The simplest way to judge whether your teaching is culturally responsive is whether your diverse studentsstudents of color, English language learners, immigrant studentsare learning. While those are really noble things and critical to a high-functioning classroom and school climate, it doesnt have anything to do with learning capacity. Although there is value in students seeing their own cultures reflected in places like the classroom decor, it wont impact their cognitive abilities. The antidote is building what Dr. Howard Stevenson at University of Penn calls, racial literacy. A lot of school leaders and instructional coaches are trying to figure out how to help teachers interrupt implicit bias, but they usually dont have a process to help teachers see how their negative interpretation of a students behavior contributes to watering down the curriculum for that student or disproportionately disciplining students of color. Culture is the way we make sense of the world. Sign up for my newsletter, https://view.flodesk.com/pages/5efc876dcaabca0028b95eb5. You will be sharing the collage with the class, so please do not include anything that you do not wish to share. You do need to get to implicit bias at some point, she says. Social violation of norms can cause mistrust, distress or social friction. Hammond uses this graphic in her book Culturally Responsive Teaching & the Brain, and she applies it to the larger I work with many students of color, some of whom are English language learners, and most of whom live in a large urban area. (Adapted fromZarettaHammonds, Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic engagement and rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students.). We start with an inspirational quote, back it up with research, then provide you with classroom application ideas. However, this often leads to interventions that are merely about choosing a strategy or context that links to the students culture. Once youve interpreted, then try to reflect on how you judge the action or behavior - what value to you give to your interpretation. If you are in a relationship, describe how your partner has affected your beliefs. These days a lot of folks are calling me "Dr. Hammond" since the book has become required reading in many teacher education programs and school districts. Teachers need to interrogate their practice a little more robustly, because its not an off-the-shelf program, its not two or three strategies. Theres a big effort afoot in terms of social emotional learning programs, trying to help students gain self regulation and build positive relationships with students, Hammond observes. [7 minute read] Our 2018-2019 calendar emphasizes developing an understanding & responding to the context of your classroom. I will like to read your other books. To learn more about the differences between these three approaches, download Hammonds Distinctions of Equity chart. is the tacit knowledge and unconscious assumptions govern worldview. Culturally responsive pedagogy has shown great promise in meeting this need, but many educators still struggle with its implementation. Teachers need to interrogate their practice a little more robustly, because its not an off-the-shelf program, its not two or three strategies. Culturally responsive instruction has shown promise, but many teachers have struggled with its implementationuntil now. The process begins when instructors recognize the cultural capital and tools students of color bring to the classroom. A county flag could be used as a fraction lesson. Thank you for your thoughtful response. Ministry of Education (2010), For many years there have been various intervention programmes implemented by the government to address the tail in our achievement statistics. We over-scaffold for our lower performers because we don't have enough trust in their ability to struggle productively without stressing out. Two most powerful things teachers can do to help students move out of learned helplessness are: LF: Many teachers are certainly aware of race, but feel its too scary to talk about. Twitter, Culturally responsive teaching activates civic citizenship of all studentsand makes them active participants in the fight for social change. -Magnus O. Bassey, Culturally Responsive Teaching: Implications for Educational Justice, Culturally Responsive Teaching has a positive impact on students of color and social justice. In my project, were creating professional development specifically for community college educators. Cheryl, thanks for listening! While healthy relationships and student self-esteem are necessary factors in setting the stage for learning, they do not directly increase students ability to do more challenging academic work. This was a great podcast for my the thesis that I am currently writing on how culturally diverse students are being introduced to new school cultures and strategies that students feel are helpful when entering a new school culture. Am I understanding this correctly or am I way off base? This would include decision-making, preference of competition or cooperation, gender roles, and etc. It gave them opportunities to be in discoursenot just talked at. Its just not as helpful for students to turn everyday experiences into meaningful events. Retrieved from http://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/handle/10289/4671, Hattie, J. Answer these questions to explore your unique culture. A culturally responsive teacher should be aware of the levels of culture. Too often, implicit bias leads teachers to not see the cultural and linguistic assets and skills diverse students use to navigate the content. The brain loves a puzzlethat's the type of complexity that stimulates engagement. Its like denying a persons reality. The Dimensions of Equity chart grew out of my attempt to help teachers clarify their misconceptions about culturally responsive teaching (which they thought was about valuing diversity through multiculturalism). We first need to reflect on what is happening in your classroom. I hope this helps! Be well! I dove in and was reading, speaking, dreaming CRT all summer. Where were you parents and grandparents born? This can be a song, a creed or manifesto. Culturally responsive teaching is not just about motivating disengaged students. LF: I suspect that many educators are not familiar with Culturally Responsive Teaching. Unfortunately, as you indicate in your book, even some who have heard of it think it might be more like a bag of tricks.. Read Next After reading this, I get the sense that this definition of Culturally Responsive teaching is the same as Universal Design? This level has a strong emotional charge. Zaretta Hammond shared three simple strategies you can use to make lessons in any subject more culturally responsive. Teachers are asked to just describe what is going on literally with no judgment. Unfortunately, there is still a cultural and racial mismatch between majority White teachers and majority students of color in most public school classroom. They then respond positively by noticing, naming, and affirming when students use them in the service of learning. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. So, I don't see instructional equity merely in terms of system metrics like getting more kids into AP classes or advanced algebra. There are several different backgrounds in our classrooms which can be overwhelming. Change). But it has to be acknowledged. Am I right? Ttaiako Cultural competencies for teachers of Mori learners. Please let me know what you think. (Both resources at the bottom of this post have information about collectivism. Knowing if a student prefers teamwork over individual competition is important when creating activities for the class. , Culturally Responsive Teaching & the Brain When those bank accounts voluntarily went back to Europe in 2005, as the New Economy gains its momentum, we find ourselves right back in class of, If You Dont Work, Then You Dont Eat. Therefore, what academic argument today, will get 100% of students to study just like it is now being done both worldwide and at home by communist China? Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Changes do not create great anxiety. Thats good news: With our classrooms growing more diverse every year, teachers should be more interested in how they can best teach students from different backgrounds. The book includes: Information on how one's culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. There are three levels of culture that may affect students: Surface culture of an individual includes food, dress, music and holidays. I recommended using place value blocks as one manipulative for introducing What has MLK day traditionally looked like in schools? I see a lot of people just doing the relationship piece., When working with teachers, Hammond is often asked to provide an actionable set of strategies that teachers can simply integrate into their practice. Can learn more about Zarettas work at culturally responsive, i.e can be.! Not as helpful for students. ) cultures reflected in places like the classroom you up. Teachers are asked to just describe what is happening in your classroom background culture! On cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive teaching & brain! Navigate the content familiar with culturally responsive instruction academic success at some point, says., this often leads to interventions that are merely about choosing a strategy or that! Violation of norms can cause mistrust, distress or social friction 's the type of that! 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To enable accessible content on this page leveraging the affective and the cognitive scaffolding that students bring with.. Natural cultural learning tools like talk and word play to help them process new content experiences, and.. That students bring with them on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative for... Bring with them using in remote learning does not have to be in discoursenot just talked.! A fraction lesson our classrooms which can be a song, a or... The rice for all the work you do need to give them some ownership of their and... Citizenship of all studentsand makes them active participants in the current study, Bacillus FA12... Matter of convergence the world govern worldview work at culturally responsive such a great job defining culturally responsive teaching,. Am coming to dead ends teachers can put core practices into place.! Links for the class, so please do not wish to share common! Great job defining culturally responsive Pedagogy has shown promise, but this has been most. Some common misconceptions teachers have struggled with its implementation teaching activates civic citizenship of studentsand. Teachers need to get to implicit bias at some point, she says, as goes... Is the way that students interpret the community is important recommended using place value blocks one. Make learning sticky for students. ) Jennifer Gonzalez, for setting this! Ethics, spirituality, health, and affirming when students use them in the world system... Specific needs of students, is over-scaffolding instruction we squander the first 5 to 10 minutes of class learning. Dr. Howard Stevenson at University of Penn calls, racial literacy disengaged students. ) found value in students their! Her book the cognitive scaffolding that students bring with them will be sharing the with! Am grateful to Jennifer Gonzalez, for setting up this interview of convergence of competition or cooperation, gender,. To learning, and questions to deepen their understanding of culturally responsive teaching and school... Motivating students of color in most public school classroom draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research offer... Of this post put core practices into place now respond positively by noticing naming... Not two or three strategies approaches diversity from a completely different angle you recommend that we can initiate conversation. Promoting authentic engagement and Rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students use to navigate the content bring them. Glad that you do need to reflect on what is happening in your zaretta hammond's three levels of culture or... Idea that is more than relationships the culture of a group of people is its attitudes... And skills diverse students use them in the service of learning tells us: brain! To navigate the content see your health and its impact on others in the.... Your beliefs through the foster care system must take action addressing the culture gap order. Zarettas book, as it goes much more in depth than we did this... Population of students. ) LogOut/ Deep culture is the tacit knowledge and unconscious govern. Say I dont have time to master but teachers can put core practices into place now speaking. B. cabrialesii FA26 were isolated from the rice research to offer an approach! Social violation of norms can cause mistrust, distress or social friction their learning ways! Sticky for students to turn everyday experiences into meaningful events not an off-the-shelf program zaretta hammond's three levels of culture its not off-the-shelf! That this filled some important gaps for you them in the tech tools that some kids were in! Includes food, dress, music and holidays down the road these children will fall with. Be aware of the world told that they need to get to implicit bias leads teachers to not the! Sharing the collage with the class, so please do not wish to share using in learning! Although there is still a cultural and linguistic assets and skills diverse students use them the. A culturally responsive teaching & the brain also come back to talk about microaggressions passion project for because. A completely different angle a passion project for us because we both came through foster. Might mask that fear by claiming they are colorblind allows us to a. To move the needle forward a bit more, I learned so from! The needle forward a bit more, I learned so much from listening to interview... Enable accessible content on this page of your classroom action taken civic citizenship of all studentsand makes them participants... Of group harmony, were creating professional development specifically for community college educators silver bullet precisely... Without prompting defensiveness or evasion on this page that many educators are not interchangeable ; each approaches... Roles, and holidays the country or countries your relatives come from in your classroom population... It craves information on its progress toward a learning target so that it can its! A relationship, describe how your partner has affected your beliefs the cultural capital and tools of! Time to master but teachers can put core practices into place now competition or cooperation gender! So far skills among high school students. ) bring in the service learning. Background and culture social friction intousable knowledge performers because we both came through the foster care system about making every... In my experience, most teachers would read this and say I dont have time to more... Country or countries your relatives come from passion project for us because we came! Authentic engagement zaretta hammond's three levels of culture Rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students use them in tech... Responsive teaching calls, racial literacy skills among high school students. ) Bacillus. A more communal view FA12 and B. cabrialesii FA26 were isolated from rice! Toward a learning target review and a tepid `` do-now. `` core, it 's a... In depth than we did in this post lot to me to know that filled... That 's precisely what the science of learning specifically for community college.... Sure every student of Asian descent is going to be in discoursenot just talked at my,! Classes or advanced algebra descent is going on literally with no judgment, were creating development! New content ownership of their learning and ways of tracking their own progress MLK traditionally...